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Optimización del fresado a alta velocidad en 5 ejesControl and planning
Optimization of milling at high speed with 5 axes
M.A. Salgado, j. Muñoa, L.N. López de Lacalle, a. Lamikiz, a. count.
Department of mechanical engineeringTechnique of industrial engineering school
c/Alameda de Urquijo s/n E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
e-mail: imasagam@bi.ehu.es, tf: + 34-94-6014216
01/12/2002 1. Introduction
Despite the fact that in 5-axis milling is a technique that has existed for several decades, the great difficulties that involves the use of this type of process has limited its application to highly specialized workshops. However, the continuous demand by sectors as the aircraft or the biomedical of parts with close tolerances and increasingly complex geometry, together with the development of numerical controls and CAM systemsfor 5-axis machining process of huge future for the manufacture of components with high added value.
But even with these advances, the mechanization of parts using all the capabilities of a 5-axis machine entails great difficulties, mainly due to the possibility of collisions and the difficulty of transferring the programs generated in the CAM to the machine (post processing) systems.
In this article it will develop, on the basis of a review of the current state of the art of this process, a methodology for 5-axis machining, from the programming of paths, through virtual simulation to the machining of the parts.
Finally it would be a validation of the previous methodology through the machining of three typical representative pieces of sectors that traditionally employ this process such as energy, automotive and aeronautical sectors.
Experimental 2.Equipo
The most relevant part of the equipment available for carrying out the work consists of a 5-axis Ibarmia ZV-25U machine software of CAD/CAM with which have been generated trajectories (Unigraphics v17.0) package design (CATIA v5.0) software of creation of the virtual environment of machining (Vericut 5.0) in addition to other machining centres for preparation of parts and tools
3. Results and discussion
The main result that is extracted from the work done is the need for a highly refined trajectories programming along with a very strict control of the entire process.
An advance that occurs is the generation of a virtual environment, which are verified the paths and the absence of collisions.
4 Conclusions
Sectors such as the aeronautics, the automobile, the biomedical, or of power generation require very complex geometry parts, inaccessible to conventional three-axis machines, this, along with the precision required in other parts which are made through several moorings leads to machining with more than three axles (in English the term multiaxis machining)
In all cases imposes the need for control of the process, because a mistake can lead to great material losses because of the value of machine and piece.
5-Axis machine movements are not intuitive from the generated paths, so it is necessary a complete verification of the trajectories before performing the actual machining of the parts.
5 References
[1]A.-S. Lee, C-H. She "Developing a Postprocessor for Three Types of Five-Axis Machine Tools". International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (1997) 13: 658-665
[2] P. Gray, S. Bedi, f. Ismail, N.Rao, g. Morphy "Comparison of 5-Axis and 3-Axis Finish Machining of Hydroforming Die Inserts." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (2001) 17: 562-569
