Movilidad sostenible. Autobuses eléctricos | Sustainable mobility. E-Buses FuturEnergy | Septiembre September 2016 www.futurenergyweb.es 70 electrificación progresiva: entre las cinco unidades eléctricas puras y las 159 híbridas suman el 15% de la flota operativa. Proyecto ZeEUS (Zero Emission Urban System) El desarrollo del pantógrafo se enmarca en el proyecto ZeEUS (Zero Emission Urban Bus System, o Sistema de Autobuses Urbanos de Emisión Cero) de promoción de la movilidad eléctrica urbana, financiado por la Unión Europea, y en el que participan ocho ciudades comunitarias. Barcelona, a través de Transportes Metropolitanos de Barcelona, lidera la fase de pruebas de este programa en la capital catalana con la puesta en circulación de cuatro autobuses de cero emisiones: dos de 12 m de longitud, ya están circulando por la ciudad con pasajeros desde 2014 y los dos de 18 m que ya han comenzado a circular y que transportarán, en breve, pasajeros. Endesa colabora con la instalación y gestión de la operación de los puntos de carga, el estudio de los cuales permitirá diseñar la infraestructura necesaria para la electrificación de toda la flota de autobuses de Barcelona. Después de instalar dos estaciones de carga en las cocheras de TMB, se da un paso hacia adelante y se instala ahora el primer cargador para autobuses en la calle. Entre las ventajas de este sistema, además de la rapidez en la carga, está también el hecho de que permite que la batería del autobús sea más ligera y pequeña, y como consecuencia, tenga un coste menor. Este modelo de estación, igual que los otros, está pensado, además de para alimentar autobuses, para vehículos de servicio, como por ejemplo, camiones de limpieza o mercancías. El proyecto ZeEUS, financiado por la Unión Europa, se desarrollará entre noviembre de 2014 y abril de 2017. Con el objetivo de extender la movilidad eléctrica a los transportes urbanos de las ciudades, desde ZeEUS se están realizando pruebas con diversas tecnologías de autobuses eléctricos o híbridos enchufables y diferentes soluciones de recarga en un total de 20 ciudades europeas. Junto con Barcelona, participan Münster y Bonn, en Alemania; Londres y Glasgow, en Reino Unido; Caller, en Italia; Estocolmo, en Suecia y Pilsen, en Chequia. La finalidad de las pruebas es validar las ventajas económicas, ambientales y sociales de este sistema para valorar su viabilidad. hood and thereby start the charging process. The arm folds out in mere seconds, and both during this process and the scant minutes the charge lasts, passengers can get off and on the vehicle in complete safety. Moreover, the short charging time in no way interferes with the route timetable as the charging period coincides with the driver’s break before the journey restarts. This charging system is sufficient for the bus to restart its route, during which it will run with the battery at between 40 and 80%. In addition to this charging point, which offers opportunity charging, Endesa has installed two night-time charging points in the garages that make use of the vehicles’ downtime during the night to charge their batteries to 100% over a period of about two to three hours. The metropolitan bus route that will showcase this system is the H16, some 12 km long, that links the Barcelona Forum with the Zona Franca area, running parallel to the sea as it passes through Poblenou, the Villa Olímpica, Plaza Cataluña and Plaza España. This new bus network route will include, as a back-up, two fully electric and therefore, zero-emission, 18m-long articulated Solaris Urbino E18 model vehicles that TMB has incorporated into its fleet. These are the first of this size to be manufactured in Europe. Barcelona is thus confirming its position as leading the way in the deployment of clean solutions for bus transport, based on progressive electrification: the 5 pure electric units and 159 hybrid units together account for 15% of the operating fleet. ZeEUS Project (Zero Emission Urban System) The development of the pantograph forms part of ZeEUS, the Zero Emission Urban Bus System Project, which promotes urban electric mobility. Financed by the European Union, eight EU cities are taking part. Barcelona, via TMB, is leading the testing phase of this programme in the Catalonian capital with the launch onto the roads of four zero-emission buses. Two of these 12m-long buses have been transporting passengers around the city since 2014 and the two 18m-long vehicles that have just entered into operation will shortly start work on the passenger route. Endesa is collaborating on the installation and management of the charging point operation, the study of which will enable the necessary infrastructure to be designed for the electrification of Barcelona’s entire bus fleet. After installing two charging stations in the TMB garages, yet more progress has been made with the installation of the first street charging system for buses. One of the advantages of this system, apart from the speed of the charge, is the fact that it enables buses to carry a lighter and smaller battery which, in turn will cost less. As with the other models, this charging station is designed to not only charge buses, but can also be used by service vehicles such as cleaning or goods vehicles. The ZeEUS project, financed by the European Union, began in November 2014 and will run until April 2017.With the aim of extending e-mobility to urban city transport, ZeEUS is carrying out a number of tests with different electric and hybrid bus technologies and different charging infrastructure solutions in a total of 20 European cities. Together with Barcelona, other cities taking part include Münster i Bonn, in Germany; London and Glasgow, in the UK; Caller, in Italy; Stockholm in Sweden; and Pilsen, in the Czech Republic. The aim of these tests is to validate the financial, environmental and social advantages of this system in order to assess its viability.
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