www.futurenviro.es | Marzo-Abril March-April 2021 22 Gestión y Tratamiento de Residuos | Waste Management & Treatment Poner vallas al campo para evitar que la hierba se extienda, es inútil, del mismo modo que intentar incentivar mercados con medidas proteccionistas y promover la libertad al mismo tiempo. No tiene sentido, es una dualidad que lo único que hace es ir en contra de las empresas, que son las que mueven las economías de los países. El mercado de materias primas secundarias está en auge, con sus fluctuaciones intrínsecas, obviamente. La economía circular está poniendo a los recicladores y transformadores en el lugar que merecen como catalizadores de esta transición. Las directrices europeas obligan a la incorporación de material reciclado en envases, concretamente un 25% en 2025 y un 30% en 2030; esto está favoreciendo el incremento del mercado de la materia prima secundaria y por tanto a la economía circular. Por todo esto seria una muy positivo si tuviéramos los flujos controlados y aseguráramos el suministro para dar cumplimiento a esos requerimientos legislativos. Pero la realidad no es así, la realidad es que en un escenario de libre mercado, la materia prima secundaria, igual que la materia prima primaria se vende al mejor postor, y así es como debe ser. Por eso, si a un proveedor de escama de PET reciclado le ofrece más dinero un productor de textil que un productor de envases, es de ley que se lo venda al primero. El productor de textil va a transformar estas escamas de PET reciclado en hilos para tejer prendas que va a vender como sostenibles, porque su procedencia es de material reciclado. A esos hilos, los va a aditivar con ciertos compuestos para darle propiedades de elasticidad, suavidad, color. Putting fences around the countryside to prevent the grass from spreading is useless, as is trying to incentivise markets with protectionist measures and promote freedom at the same time. It makes no sense. It is a contradiction that only works against businesses, which are what drive the economies of countries. The market for secondary raw materials is booming, with its intrinsic fluctuations, of course. The circular economy is putting recyclers and materials processors in their rightful place as catalysts for this transition. European guidelines require the incorporation of recycled material into packaging, and it must account for 25% of packaging material by 2025 and 30% by 2030. This is facilitating the growth of the secondary raw materials market and, therefore, that of the circular economy. It would, therefore, be very positive if we had controlled streams and guaranteed supply in order to achieve compliance with these legislative requirements. But the reality is not like that. The reality is that in a free market scenario, secondary raw materials, just like primary raw materials, are sold to the highest bidder, and that is how it should be. Therefore, if a supplier of recycled PET flake is offered more money by a textile producer than a packaging producer, it is legal for him to sell to the former. Textile producers will transform these recycled PET flakes into yarns to weave garments that will be sold as sustainable because they are made from recycled material. Certain compounds will be added to these yarns to give them properties of elasticity, softness and colour. Depending on the garment, it will be complemented with zips, other types of fabrics, other materials such as sequins or whatever fits in with the design. All of this will mean that the garment, made from recycled PET flakes, cannot be recycled and, when its owner can no longer use it or wants to use it, it will either be sold second-hand to extend its life, or, if it has defects or tears that make it unusable, it will end up in an energy recovery facility or a landfill. At the textile waste session organised by Conama in 2018, it was estimated that 90% of textile waste in Spain is landfilled. This is a really INCENTIVAR PARA CUMPLIR INCENTIVISE TO ACHIEVE COMPLIANCE
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