Bioenergía | Bioenergy FuturEnviro | Marzo March 2019 www.futurenviro.es 94 teria prima, como se ha indicado anteriormente. Los resultados de la caracterización de distintas muestras dieron cantidades de glucanos (en forma de almidón principalmente), de entre el 15 y el 30% (w/w) de la composición. Por lo tanto, el azúcar potencial de este residuo es adecuado como fuente de carbono para la producción de bioplásticos y sus precursores, o para la obtención de compuestos de química de base en general por vías bioquímica y/o biotecnológica. Como continuación, para la valorización de los azúcares se han realizado ensayos de hidrólisis enzimática con porcentaje de sólidos totales de entre 10 - 20%, alcanzándose concentraciones de azúcares solubles de entre 30 - 60 g/L. Con la fracción líquida obtenida se está realizando un screening o selección de microorganismos que sean capaces de producir PHA o ácido succínico, empleando hidrolizados de FORSU como medio de cultivo. Por su parte, la lignina puede alcanzar hasta un 10% (w/w) de la composición, siendo un 90% ácido insoluble. Finalmente, hay que mencionar que este material contiene una cantidad de extractivos elevada y no se han detectado inhibidores. Es importante señalar que, en todos sus desarrollos, CENER contempla una evaluación ambiental integral de todo el proceso de valorización, mediante la realización de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) y estudios de viabilidad tecno-económicos. Gracias a este tipo de iniciativas y a la cooperación a nivel europeo, CENER está desarrollando tecnología con el fin de obtener nuevas rutas de valorización de residuos orgánicos, tanto a escala de laboratorio como de demostración, para una posterior incorporación a la industria y al mercado, contribuyendo de este modo a la Hoja de Ruta de la Economía Circular propuesta por la Comisión Europea, y al bienestar de la sociedad. To date, interesting results have been obtained. On the one hand, samples of the OFMSW from the fifth container (organic fraction) have been characterised. These samples were supplied by theWaste Collection Service of the District of Pamplona, following a preliminary screening stage at source. The initial work has been focused on determining the protocols for the treatment and handling of the waste, in order to minimise the action of microbial contamination, which is inherent to the nature of this material. These protocols will subsequently be applied on an industrial scale. After this stage, the compositional result showed total lipids and protein contents of over 10 -15% (w/w), meaning that these are fractions that can be recovered and valorized. The most appropriate methods and solvents for the recovery of the lipids fraction are being studied, while the first tests on the protein fraction have already been carried out using proteasas, which has enabled the first amino acids profiles of the OFMSW samples to be obtained. Regarding carbohydrates fraction, the OFMSW soluble sugars content ranges from between 10-20% (w/w), making it important to focus on raw material stabilisation and conservation methods. The result of the characterisation of the different samples show glucan (mainly in the form of starch) contents of between 15% and 30% (w/w) of the composition. Therefore, the sugar potential of these wastes is suitable as a carbon source for the production of bioplastics and their precursors, or building blocks. In order to recover the sugars from OFMSW, enzymatic hydrolysis assays were performed with a total solids content from 10 to 20% obtaining between 30-60 g/L of sugars. The liquid fraction obtained from OFMSW hydrolysates is used as culture medium for the screening of microorganisms capable of producing PHA or succinic acid. Lignin can account for up to 10% (w/w) of the composition, with 90% being insoluble acid. Finally, it must be pointed out that this material contains a high amount of extractives, and inhibitors were not detected. It is important to emphasise that in all its developments, CENER carries out a global environmental assessment of the entire recovery process, through Lifecycle Assessment (LCA), as well as technical/economic feasibility studies. Thanks to these types of initiatives and cooperation at European level, CENER is developing technology for the purpose of obtaining new valorization paths for biowaste, on both laboratory and demonstration scales, for subsequent implementation on an industrial scale and market uptake. In this way, CENER is contributing to the Circular Economy Roadmap proposed by the European Commission, and also to the wellbeing of society. Goizeder Barberena, Daniel Bustamante y David Sánchez Investigadores del Dpto. de Biomasa de CENER (Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables) Researchers from the Dept of Biomass at CENER (Spain´s National Renewable Energy Centre) Módulo Bioquímico del Centro de Biorrefinería y Bioenergía – BIO2C de CENER Biochemical module at the CENER BIO2C Biorefinery and Bioenergy Centre
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